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Grey-headed canary-flycatcher
The grey-headed canary-flycatcher sometimes known as the grey-headed flycatcher (''Culicicapa ceylonensis'') is a species of small flycatcher-like bird found in tropical Asia. It has a square crest, a grey hood and yellow underparts. They are found mainly in forested habitats where they often join other birds in mixed-species foraging flocks. Pairs are often seen as they forage for insects by making flycatcher-like sallies and calling aloud. Several subspecies are recognized within their wide distribution range. In the past the genus ''Culicicapa'' was considered to be an Old World flycatcher but studies have found them to belong to a new family designated as the Stenostiridae or fairy flycatchers that include the African genera ''Stenostira'' and ''Elminia''.
==Description==
The grey-headed canary-flycatcher is about 12–13 cm long with a squarish grey head, a canary yellow belly and yellowish-green upperparts.〔Clement, P. (2006). Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher (Culicicapa ceylonensis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2014). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/59108 on 8 March 2015).〕 They forage actively like flycatchers and perches in a very upright posture. The sexes are indistinguishable in plumage.〔 They have a very flat bill (which gave it the earlier genus name of ''Platyrhynchus'') which when seen from above look like an equilateral triangle and is fringed with long rictal bristles.
Across their range, populations differ in the shades of the colours and vary slightly in dimensions and several of these have been designated as subspecies. The nominate subspecies breeds in peninsular India in the hills of the Western Ghats, Nilgiris, central India and the Eastern Ghats (Lammasingi) and Sri Lanka. Subspecies ''calochrysea'' first described by Harry Oberholser in 1923 breeds along the Himalayas east to Myanmar and Thailand and winters across southern India. The nominate form is darker in shade. Subspecies ''antioxantha'' which was also described by Oberholser has a breeding range from southern Burma, Thailand through Malaysia to Java and Bali. The island forms of ''sejuncta'' described by Ernst Hartert in 1897 is found on Sumbawa, Flores and possibly on Lombok while ''connectens'' described by Bernhard Rensch in 1931 is restricted to the island of Sumba.〔〔
The grey-headed canary-flycatcher was earlier considered to be an Old World flycatcher in spite of its odd crest, colours and nature of vocalization. Molecular phylogeny studies however show that they are quite different and have been placed in the family Stenostiridae that is closely related to the tits and penduline-tits.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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